山金车：用途，益处，副作用，剂量

山金车属多年生灌木，原产于欧洲。它也被称为山金车（Arnica montana），被用作缓解疼痛和炎症的顺势疗法药物。它以凝胶或油的形式使用。

稀释的山金车制剂也可用于治疗关节炎，术后酸痛，瘀伤，疤痕和发炎的组织。

在这篇文章中，我们将介绍有关金莲花的可能用途和好处的研究成果。我们还提供了有关剂量的信息，更重要的是，还包括其副作用（因为它可能引起某些不良反应）。

山金车：详细

山金车菊是多年生灌木，原产于欧洲。它也被称为豹子的祸根，狼的祸害，山地烟草和山鼻烟。该菊科成员有明亮的黄色，七月盛开的幸福花朵，是顺势疗法的主食。

山金车具有缓解疼痛和消炎的作用。在20世纪，它已被用于治疗癫痫病，晕船，伤口和枪伤。在欧洲，金盏花被认为具有杀菌和杀菌特性（1）。因此，您可以在许多顺势药膏，凝胶，tin剂，乳膏和片剂中找到金银花。

该植物中的活性化合物，特别是倍半萜烯内酯，可用于多种医学用途（1）。这些倍半萜在植物部分中以不同的量存在。发现圆盘小花中倍半萜的浓度高于射线小花中的倍数，而茎中的倍数更低。

活性化合物生物利用度的这种变化可能会影响金银花的功效。但是，对Arnica的作用机理尚未进行广泛的研究。它还因有毒而受到了很多抨击。

那就是医师了解其剂量功效的时候。众所周知，金银花对您的健康非常有益，但含量极低。

这就是为什么重要的是要了解它的好处。继续阅读！

使用Arnica的4个主要好处是什么？

1.可以缓解疼痛和炎症

在顺势疗法中，山金车用于控制组织中的肿胀，疼痛和炎症。它显示出与同种抗炎药（如双氯芬酸和布洛芬）相当的结果（2）。

局部使用山金车软膏和凝胶剂可能有助于缓解急性肌肉疼痛，扭伤，肌腱炎，僵硬，纤维肌痛等（2）。

它在缓解疼痛和炎症方面的临床功效使其成为非甾体类抗炎药的潜在替代品（2）。

仅有有限但令人信服的科学证据证明金银花对蜂窝织炎引起的疼痛，麻木，急性背痛，头痛，痔疮等具有积极作用（3），（4）。

当与其他口服顺势疗法稀释剂一起使用时，金银花还可以减轻患者的术后疼痛（2）。

2.可能有助于治疗骨关节炎和类风湿关节炎

骨关节炎（OA）是一种影响膝盖，臀部和手部关节的疾病。通常，当关节失去软骨时，骨头会长出以修复损伤。当骨骼发生异常生长而不是重建时，就会发生骨关节炎，并影响日常的身体机能（5）。

一项对174例手部骨关节炎患者的研究表明，使用山金车提取物凝胶可获得与布洛芬治疗相当的结果。尽管有不良反应的报道，但这种草药治疗改善了疼痛和功能（5）。

与非甾体炎性药物（NSAID）相比，一些患者的运动和恢复更好。这证明了山金车油/ tin剂/凝胶不低于布洛芬。在医学指导下，它们可以类似地用于治疗慢性骨关节炎（6）。

3.可以治愈疤痕和瘀伤吗

手术后的伤痕会影响一个人的自信心和性格。当血液从受损的血管壁漏出时，就会形成这种瘀伤。

泄漏的血液聚集在伤口或切口周围，并阻碍自然血液流动。由于缺乏足够的氧气供应，这些受伤的部位变成蓝色，棕色，绿色或黑色，从而引起“瘀斑”。

在一项涉及鼻骨隆鼻手术的研究中，给患者口服围手术期剂量的阿尼卡。这些患者术后加速愈合，瘀斑迅速恢复，瘀伤颜色恢复正常更快（7）。

这些可重复的观察结果证明了金莲花在治疗疤痕和瘀伤中的功效。其配方可用于整容和隆鼻手术中，并能治愈深处的伤口（7），（8）。

4.可能有助于解决脱发

女性脱发或严重脱发会导致抑郁和信心丧失。香熏疗法可能有助于治疗这种严重的脱发。该处理涉及从各种草药（包括山金车）中提取的高浓度提取物（9）。

局部使用这些提取物也可能刺激毛囊。这也是应对不同类型脱发的最安全方法（9）。

目前，已经研究了金莲花的一些益处。山金车可以有不同的形式，在下一节中，我们将讨论如何使用这种草药。

如何使用山金车？

支持者声称，局部和摄入的山金车都可以提供帮助。该药草有以下几种形式：

• 洗剂
• 凝胶
• 组织盐
• 药丸
• 疼痛补丁
• 茶

您可以在最近的健康商店或在线购买阿妮卡。

The benefits above could be attributed to the active components in arnica.

What Are The Active Components Of Arnica?

Sesquiterpene-lactones, flavonoids, and phenolic acids are the classes contributing the most to Arnica’s properties.

While sesquiterpene-lactones impart anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, the flavonoids and phenolic acids impart antioxidant and antimicrobial effects to this flower (10).

Helenalin and its esters are the types of sesquiterpene-lactones found abundantly in Arnica flowerheads. Quercetin-glucoside, patuletin-glucoside, Kaempferol-glucoside, Kaempferol-glucuronide, 6-Methoxykaempferol-glucoside, and Hispidulin are the flavonoids (10).

Chlorogenic acid, 3,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid, 1-Methoxy-oxaloyl-3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, and 4,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid are a few phenolic acids you can find in this herb (10).

Apart from the components, it also is important that we know the mechanism of the herb.

How Does Arnica Work?

There are a few proposed mechanisms through which arnica operates. They involve the inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1, TNF-α) and the translocation of NF-ϰß and NF-AT (Nuclear Factor of Activated T-cells). NF-ϰß and NF-AT are cellular chemicals engaged in the inflammatory processes (10).

Helenalin suppresses the translocation of NF-AT in the specialized immune system cells (T cells). This is how arnica gets its immunosuppressive properties (10).

A few mice studies indicated that arnica treatment showed a 4.5-fold inhibition of nitric oxide production and a drop in the levels of nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 enzymes. All of these are clear signs of receding inflammation in the body (2).

However, helenalin is selectively cytotoxic. Studies show how this property of helenalin can be applied to manage cancers at the molecular level (10).

However, the cytotoxicity of arnica could be one concern. The herb may have certain side effects, which we will explore in the following section.

What Are The Side Effects Of Arnica?

Arnica is considered safe when used topically for short-term use on unbroken skin. But the US FDA has not considered it safe for oral consumption.

Some of the side effects of arnica include the following.

• May Cause Skin Allergies

Using large quantities or frequent doses of Arnica extracts might cause skin irritation. Dermatitis, allergies, and related symptoms have been reported if it is used on sensitive, damaged, and broken skin (11).

• May Accelerate Heart Rate

Ingestion of products containing arnica was found to accelerate heart rate in individuals (12).

• May Cause Gastroenteritis

Taking this oral medication in excess might cause gastroenteritis (12).

• Pregnancy And Breastfeeding

The evidence is inconclusive and insufficient to prove the safety of arnica for pregnant and lactating women.

Does Arnica Interact With Medications?

Arnica contains coumarins, which are compounds with anticoagulant effects. The herb may reduce coagulation and increase the risk of bleeding (13).

Hence, use it cautiously under medical supervision. Also, keep the following points in mind:

• The strength of homeopathic formulas used topically is 2 g of the flowerheads in 100 mL of water.
• Ointments might have a maximum of 20-25% of the arnica tincture.

  This tincture is usually a 1:10 dilution, and the oil is usually made with 1 part of the herb extract and 5 parts of vegetable oil.

What Is The Ideal Dosage For Arnica?

Arnica is considered safe when used topically for short-term use on unbroken skin. If you are ingesting the tablets, Arnica 200c (for adults or children over 2 years of age), you may take three of them, 4 to 6 times in a day (14).

There is little information on the dosage of the gel, and you need to consult your doctor.

Summing It Up

山金车在医药，化妆品和食品工业中占有重要地位。据说这种草药是一种针对挫伤，肌肉疼痛，伤口愈合，昆虫叮咬，关节疼痛，炎症，脱发，痔疮和扭伤的有效疗法，尽管尚未通过医学验证。

如果大量服用，会被认为有毒。因此，顺势疗法使用山金车提取物的稀释（6X）版本。您可以尝试其油，cture剂，片剂，凝胶剂和软膏剂，但只能在医疗监督下进行。

15个来源

Stylecraze有严格的采购准则，并依赖经过同行评审的研究，学术研究机构和医学协会。我们避免使用三级引用。您可以阅读我们的编辑政策，进一步了解我们如何确保内容的准确性和最新性。

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• Enlarged hemorrhoids: How can you relieve the symptoms yourself?, InformedHealth, National Center for Biotechnology Information.

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• Perioperative Arnica montana for Reduction of Ecchymosis in Rhinoplasty Surgery, Annals of Plastic Surgery, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

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• Effect of homeopathic Arnica montana on bruising in face-lifts: results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

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• ALOPECIA: HERBAL REMEDIES, International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research.

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• Phytochemical Composition of Arnicae flos from Wild Populations in the Northern Area of the Romanian Eastern Carpathians, Academia.

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• Arnica allergy, Hautarzt, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

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• Final report on the safety assessment of Arnica montana extract and Arnica montana, International Journal of Toxicology, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

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• Coumadin Tablets, U.S. Food & Drug Administration.

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• Efficacy of Arnica in varicose vein surgery: results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study, Research in complementary and natural classical medicine, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

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